在定语从句中which和that用法有什么区别
1、that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2、which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢（有介词的用which)。
3、代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all,
anything,
much等，这时的that常被省略，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：
a)先行词是anything,
everything,
nothing
,
none等不定代词时；
b)先行词由every,
any,
all,
some,
no,
little,
few,
much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；
c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；
d)先行词中既有人又有物时；
e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；
f)当先行词为物并作表语时；
g)先行词为one时；
h)先行词同时又被the
only,the
very,the
same修饰时。
这两个词的区别我懂，"Which"用于非限定性从句，提供额外的信息，通常用逗号与主句隔开。"That"用于限定性从句，提供必要的关键信息，不使用逗号分隔。给大家简单总结了两个词的含义、发音以及用法，先大概的了解一下~~
接下来让我们看下which和that的其他区别：
1. "Which"和"that"在限定性和非限定性从句中的使用：
- "Which"用于非限定性从句，提供额外的信息，通常用逗号与主句隔开。
- "That"用于限定性从句，提供必要的关键信息，不使用逗号分隔。
例句：
- I have two dogs, which are both rescue animals.
（我有两只狗，它们都是被救助的动物。）
- The book that I bought yesterday is really interesting.
（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。）
2. "Which"和"that"在修饰物品时的区别：
- "Which"用于修饰具体的物体，无论是生物还是非生物，可以替代整个从句。
- "That"用于修饰特定的物体，通常用于指示或强调特定的人或事物。
例句：
- I found my necklace, which was missing for a week.
（我找到了我的项链，已经失踪了一周了。）
- Pass me the pen that is on the table.
（把桌子上的笔给我。）
3. "Which"和"that"在修饰人时的区别：
- "Which"不常用于修饰人，除非与非限定性从句结合使用，强调陈述的信息。
- "That"通常用于修饰人时，提供关键的身份或特征信息。
例句：
- She is the doctor which/that I saw at the hospital yesterday.
（她是我昨天在医院见到的那位医生。）
- The man that I met at the party is a famous actor.
（我在派对上遇到的那个人是一位著名的演员。）
4. "Which"和"that"在修饰抽象概念时的区别：
- "Which"通常用于修饰抽象概念，强调对整个情况或情感的陈述。
- "That"同样可用于修饰抽象概念，但更常用于指示某一特定的方面或细节。
例句：
- They had a great time at the party, which made them very happy.
（他们在派对上玩得很开心，这让他们非常快乐。）
- The fact that she won the competition surprised everyone.
（她赢得比赛的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。）
5. "Which"和"that"在非限定性从句中的主观倾向：
- "Which"在非限定性从句中有一种较为客观的倾向，提供额外的信息，不强调主观观点。
- "That"在非限定性从句中有一种较为主观的倾向，强调陈述的事实或个人观点。
例句：
- My car, which is black, needs to be cleaned.
（我的车是黑色的，需要清洁。）
- She made a statement that she would never forget.
（她发表了一番话，她将永远不会忘记。）
which可以引导非限定性定语从句，如果去掉which，主句的意思仍然清楚。that则用于引导限定性定语从句，如果去掉that，主句的意思就不完整。这里就给大家总结了一个只用that不用which的表格，可以先简单了解一下先：
区别一：限定性和非限定性定语从句的区别
which可以引导非限定性定语从句，如果去掉which，主句的意思仍然清楚。that则用于引导限定性定语从句，如果去掉that，主句的意思就不完整。
例句：
①The book, which is on the table, is mine. 那本在桌子上的书是我的。
②The book that is on the table is mine. 那本在桌子上的书是我的。
区别二：与介词的搭配不同
which可以和介词一起使用在句尾，而that不能和介词一起使用在句尾。
例句：
①The chair on which you are sitting is broken. 你坐的那把椅子是坏的。
②The chair that you are sitting on is broken. 你坐的那把椅子是坏的。
区别三：指代对象不同
which和that都可以指代物，但在指代人时，只能使用that。
例句：
①The car which is parked outside is mine. 停在外面的那辆车是我的。
②The man that helped me is my teacher. 帮助我的那个人是我的老师。
区别四：在非限定性定语从句中不同
在非限定性定语从句中，只能使用which，不能使用that。
例句：
①My car, which I bought last year, is very comfortable. 我去年买的车非常舒适。
②My brother, that is a doctor, lives in New York. 错误的例句，应该使用who而不是that。
区别五：在同位语从句中的使用
which可以引导同位语从句，而that不能。
例句：
①The fact which we cannot ignore is that he is talented. 我们不能忽视的事实是他很有才华。
②The fact that we cannot ignore is that he is talented. 我们不能忽视的事实是他很有才华。
在定语从句中which和that用法区别：
在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，几种宜用that,而不宜用which 的情况如下：
1、先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等。
2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。
3、先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。
4、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
5、先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that。
6、被修饰词为数词时。
7、如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复。
8、疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复。
9、主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。
10、被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况：
1、当关系代词的前面有介词时。
2、在非限制性定语从句中。
3、在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。
4、当关系代词后面带有插入语时。
5、先行词本身是that, 宜用which。
6、先行词是those+复数名词。
拓展资料
which
1、Which do they want me to do? declare war or surrender?
他们想让我做什么，宣战还是投降？
2、I wanted to know which school it was you went to
我想知道你上的是哪所学校。
3、Soldiers opened fire on a car which failed to stop at an army checkpoint
士兵向那辆拒绝在军事检查站停车检查的汽车开了火。
4、They ran out of drink. Which actually didn't bother me because I wasn't drinking
他们把酒喝完了。但实际上这对我来说无所谓，因为我不喝酒。
that
1、They said you particularly wanted to talk to me. Why was that?
他们说你特别想和我谈谈。为什么？
2、The story was published in a Sunday newspaper later that week
这篇报道于那周晚些时候刊登在一份周日报纸上。
3、A recession like that of 1973 – 1974 could put one in ten American companies into bankruptcy
像1973–1974年间那样的经济衰退能让1/10的美国公司破产。
4、'She said she'd met you in England.' — 'That's true.'
“她说她在英格兰见过你。”——“是的。”
在定语从句中,which 和that 在指代事物时,一般可以互换使用,但并非在任何情况下都是这样,这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel,that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
关系代词which和that的区别如下：
1. 先行词为疑问词who或which时，限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that引导。
Who that has seen the photos of starving children doesn't want to help them?
那些看见过饥饿小孩的照片的人有谁不想要帮助他们呢？
Who that you have seen can beat him in chess?
你看过有谁能在棋艺上打败他？
Which was the bag that you left on the train?
哪一个是你忘在火车上的包呢？
2. 但先行词为that、those时，定语从句只能用who、which来引导。
What's that which you asked for?
你要的是什么？
Chance favors only those who know how to court her.
机会只会青睐那些懂得如何掌握它的人。
3. 关系代词紧接在介系词后面时，不能用who或that，只能用宾格的which或whom（即关系代词该用谁就用谁）。
The woman of whom you are speaking is our principal.
你提到的那位女士，是我们的校长。
The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late.
我等的那班火车目前已经迟了半小时了。
This is the new desk, the book on which is hers.
这是新桌子，桌子上的书是她的。
4. 如果先行词是不定代词，关系代词只能用that。
All that students have to do is study hard.
学生们必须做的事情就是用功读书。
Does "whisper" mean saying something that is not clear?
whisper的意思是说一些听不清楚的话吗？
She hates everything that is modern.
她恨任何现代的东西。
I won't go to any university or college that is located in the suburbs.
我不会考任何在郊区的大学。
5. 如果先行词前出现了形容词最高级、the only、the very、the same和序数词，引导限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
He is the only person that was present at the time.
他是那时唯一在场的人。
Today is the coldest day that we have experienced.
今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天。
Is this the very first aerobics class that you have ever attended?
这是你上的第一次有氧运动课吗？
The last thing that I want to do is to learn English.
我最不愿意做的事情就是学英语。
6. 在非限制性定语从句中，则不能用that，而要用who或which，作宾语用的代词也不省略，which引导的定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句。
I, who am your best friend, will certainly help you.
我是你最好的朋友，肯定会帮助你。
My father fell ill on May 2, 2010, which ended my dream to go to college.
我父亲于2010年5月2日突然生病，使我的大学梦想结束。
I told him to go to a doctor, which advice he took.
我叫他去看医生，他听取了我的劝告。
She is studying English, which language is very important in the twenty-first century.
她在学英语，这门语言在21世纪很重要。
James was seriously sick, which she didn't know.
詹姆斯病得很重，她并不知道。
They thought him dull, which he wasn't.
他们认为他很笨，但实际上他并不笨。
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