求助：鲁迅的小说《孔乙己》的英文翻译，必须是外国人翻译的！悬赏100分！
供稿：hz-xin.com 日期：2025-01-09
鲁迅的小说《孔乙己》的主要情节是什么？（言简意赅）
There several times, neighbors heard a child laugh, fun to drive, surrounded Kung. He would give them a one. Children eating beans, still lingers, the eyes are looking at the plate. Kung was a panic, the plate covering the outstretched fingers, bending down, said, "Not much, I was running out." Straightened up and look at the beans, his shaking his head said, "much much! More Talking? small also. "So the kids got separated in laughter. Kung people so happy, but without him, so others will too. One day, about two or three days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, dispensers is slowly closing, remove the powder board, suddenly said, "Kung did not come out a long time. Still owes nineteen coppers!" I also think he did long time no come. A drinking man said, "how could he come? ... ... He discounted the legs." Shopkeeper said, "Oh!" "He always is still stealing. This time, their own giddy, actually steal the small lifts home go. his house, stealing the get it? "" Then how? "" how? the first to write service debate, and later playing, playing most of the night, and then discount the leg. "" And then? "" Then discount the legs. "" How about a discount? "" How? ... ... who knows? Xu is dead. "shopkeeper does not ask, still slowly his accounts.
Autumn after autumn is colder every day, to see almost winter; I rely on the fire all day, but also to wear a jacket. The next day, half day, not a customer, I was sitting together his eyes. Suddenly heard a voice, "Warm a bowl of wine." This voice was very low, very familiar. See all Shiyou no. Stood up I looked outside, then the counter Kung would sit under the threshold. His face black and thin, has been horrendous; wearing a broken Jiaao, plates with legs underneath a Calceolaria, with rope tangled in the shoulder; he saw me, and said, "Warm a bowl of wine. "dispensers also head out to one side said," Kung? You still owe nineteen coppers! "Kung is deserting our ideas on his back and asked," stop this ... ... next time to pay off. This time is cash, better than wine. "dispensers are still the same as usual, smiled and said to him," Kung, you have Touliaodongxi it! "but he is arguing this time not alone say" Do not make fun! "" fun? If do not steal, how broken legs? "Kung whispered," broke, down, down ... ... "He glances, much like the treasurer pleaded, do not mention. At this point several people had gathered, they laughed, and dispensers. I warm the wine, side out, on the threshold. He took out from the rag bag four coppers, in my hand, see his hands were full of mud, had he come in with this hand. Soon, he drank wine, right again to say that laughter in others, sit and slowly walked out with this hand. Since then, they did not see long-ji. To the year, remove the powder board treasurer, said, "Kung still owes nineteen coppers!" To the second year of the Dragon Boat Festival, said, "Kung still owes nineteen coppers!" To the Mid-Autumn Festival, but did not say, and then the Year did not see him. I do not see now finally - about Kung indeed dead. Written in March 1919
KUNG I-CHI
The wine shops in Luchen are not like those in other parts of China. They all have a right-angled counter facing the street, where hot water is kept ready for warming wine. When men come off work at midday and in the evening they buy a bowl of wine; it cost four coppers twenty years ago, but now it costs ten. Standing beside the counter, they drink it warm, and relax. Another copper will buy a plate of salted bamboo shoots or peas flavoured with aniseed, to go with the wine; while for a dozen coppers you can buy a meat dish. But most of these customers belong to the short-coated class, few of whom can afford this. Only those in long gowns enter the adjacent room to order wine and dishes, and sit and drink at leisure.
At the age of twelve I started work as a waiter in Prosperity Tavern, at the entrance to the town. The tavern keeper said I looked too foolish to serve the long-gowned customers, so I was given work in the outer room. Although the short-coated customers there were more easily pleased, there were quite a few trouble-makers among them too. They would insist on watching with their own eyes as the yellow wine was ladled from the keg, looking to see if there were any water at the bottom of the wine pot, and inspecting for themselves the immersion of the pot in hot water. Under such keen scrutiny, it was very difficult to dilute the wine. So after a few days my employer decided I was not suited for this work. Fortunately I had been recommended by someone influential, so he could not dismiss me, and I was transferred to the dull work of warming wine.
Thenceforward I stood all day behind the counter, fully engaged with my duties. Although I gave satisfaction at this work, I found it monotonous and futile. Our employer was a fierce-looking individual, and the customers were a morose lot, so that it was impossible to be gay. Only when Kung I-chi came to the tavern could I laugh a little. That is why I still remember him.
Kung was the only long-gowned customer to drink his wine standing. He was a big man, strangely pallid, with scars that often showed among the wrinkles of his face. He had a large, unkempt beard, streaked with white. Although he wore a long gown, it was dirty and tattered, and looked as if it had not been washed or mended for over ten years. He used so many archaisms in his speech, it was impossible to understand half he said. As his surname was Kung, he was nicknamed "Kung I-chi," the first three characters in a children's copybook. Whenever he came into the shop, everyone would look at him and chuckle. And someone would call out:
"Kung I-chi! There are some fresh scars on your face!"
Ignoring this remark, Kung would come to the counter to order two bowls of heated wine and a dish of peas flavoured with aniseed. For this he produced nine coppers. Someone else would call out, in deliberately loud tones:
"You must have been stealing again!"
"Why ruin a man's good name groundlessly?" he would ask, opening his eyes wide.
"Pooh, good name indeed! The day before yesterday I saw you with my own eyes being hung up and beaten for stealing books from the Ho family!"
Then Kung would flush, the veins on his forehead standing out as he remonstrated: "Taking a book can't be considered stealing, . . . Taking a book, the affair of a scholar, can't be considered stealing!" Then followed quotations from the classics, like "A gentleman keeps his integrity even in poverty," and a jumble of archaic expressions till everybody was roaring with laughter and the whole tavern was gay.
From gossip I heard, Kung I-chi had studied the classics but had never passed the official examination. With no way of making a living, he grew poorer and poorer, until be was practically reduced to beggary. Happily, he was a good calligrapher, and could get enough copying work to support himself. Unfortunately he had failings: he liked drinking and was lazy. So after a few days he would invariably disappear, taking books, paper, brushes and inkstone with him. After this had happened several times, nobody wanted to employ him as a copyist again. Then there was no alternative for him but to take to occasional pilfering. In our tavern his behaviour was exemplary. He never failed to pay up, although sometimes, when he had no ready money, his name would appear on the board where we listed debtors. However, in less than a month he would always settle, and his name would be wiped off the board again.
After drinking half a howl of wine, Kung would regain his composure. But then someone would ask:
"Kung I-chi, do you really know how to read?"
When Kung looked as if such a question were beneath contempt, they would continue: "How is it you never passed even the lowest official examination?"
At that Kung would look disconsolate and ill at ease. His face would turn pale and his lips move, but only to utter those unintelligible classical expressions. Then everybody would laugh heartily again, and the whole tavern would be merry.
At such times, I could join in the laughter without being scolded by my master. In fact he often put such questions to Kung himself, to evoke laughter. Knowing it was no use talking to them, Kung would chat to us children. Once he asked me:
"Have you had any schooling?"
When I nodded, he said, "Well then, I'll test you. How do you write the character hui in hui-xiang (aniseed--Translator) peas?"
I thought, "I'm not going to be tested by a beggar!" So I turned away and ignored him. After waiting for some time, he said very earnestly:
"You can't write it? I'll show you how. Mind you remember! You ought to remember such characters, because later when you have a shop of your own, you'll need them to make up your accounts."
It seemed to me I was still very far from owning a shop; besides, our employer never entered hui-xiang peas in the account book. Amused yet exasperated, I answered listlessly: "Who wants you as a teacher? Isn't it the character hui with the grass radical?"
Kung was delighted, and tapped two long fingernails on the counter. "Right, right!" he said, nodding. "Only there are four different ways of writing hui. Do you know them?" My patience exhausted, I scowled and made off. Kung I-chi had dipped his finger in wine, in order to trace the characters on the counter; but when he saw how indifferent I was, he sighed and looked most disappointed.
Sometimes children in the neighbourhood, hearing laughter, came to join in the fun, and surrounded Kung I-chi Then he would give them peas flavoured with aniseed, one apiece. After eating the peas, the children would still hang round, their eyes on the dish. Flustered, he would cover the dish with his hand and, bending forward from the waist, would say: "There isn't much. I haven't much as it is." Then straightening up to look at the peas again, he would shake his head. "Not much! Verily, not much, forsooth!" Then the children would scamper off, with shouts of laughter.
Kung I-chi was very good company, but we got along all right without him too.
One day, a few days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, the tavern keeper was laboriously making out his accounts. Taking down the board from the wall, he suddenly said: "Kung I-chi hasn't been in for a long time. He still owes nineteen coppers!" That made me realize how long it was since we had seen him.
"How could he come?" one of the customers said. "His legs were broken in that last beating."
"Ah!"
"He was stealing again. This time he was fool enough to steal from Mr. Ting, the provincial scholar! As if anybody could get away with that!"
"What then?"
"What then? First he had to write a confession, then he was beaten. The beating lasted nearly all night, until his legs were broken."
"And then?"
"Well, his legs were broken."
"Yes, but after that?"
"After? . . . Who knows? He may be dead."
The tavern keeper did not pursue his questions, but went on slowly making up his accounts.
After the Mid-Autumn Festival the wind grew colder every day, as winter came on. Even though I spent all my time by the stove, I had to wear my padded jacket. One afternoon, when the shop was empty, I was sitting with my eyes closed when I heard a voice:
"Warm a bowl of wine."
The voice was very low, yet familiar. But when I looked up, there was no one in sight. I stood up and looked towards the door, and there, facing the threshold, beneath the counter, sat Kung I-chi. His face was haggard and lean, and he looked in a terrible condition. He had on a ragged lined jacket, and was sitting cross-legged on a mat which was attached to his shoulders by a straw rope. When he saw me, he repeated:
"Warm a bowl of wine."
At this point my employer leaned over the counter and said: "Is that Kung I-chi? You still owe nineteen coppers!
"That . . . I'll settle next time," replied Kung, looking up disconsolately. "Here's ready money; the wine must be good."
The tavern keeper, just as in the past, chuckled and said:
"Kung I-chi, you've been stealing again!"
But instead of protesting vigorously, the other simply said:
"You like your joke."
"Joke? If you didn't steal, why did they break your legs?"
"I fell," said Kung in a low voice. "I broke them in a fall." His eyes pleaded with the tavern keeper to let the matter drop. By now several people had gathered round, and they all laughed. I warmed the wine, carried it over, and set it on the threshold. He produced four coppers from his ragged coat pocket, and placed them in my hand. As he did so I saw that his hands were covered with mud--he must have crawled here on them. Presently he finished the wine and, amid the laughter and comments of the others, slowly dragged himself off by his hands.
A long time went by after that without our seeing Kung again. At the end of the year, when the tavern keeper took down the board, he said, "Kung I-chi still owes nineteen coppers!" At the Dragon Boat Festival the next year, he said the same thing again. But when the Mid-Autumn Festival came, he did not mention it. And another New Year came round without our seeing any more of him.
Nor have I ever seen him since--probably Kung I-chi is really dead.
Roux hotel the other, and different ： are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or 茴香豆, wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen 壶子底里 water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, 羼 also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； 青白 face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … … clean out of the people" "what i have seen the innocent? do you steal the familyBook, with a dozen. "in" kong will be flushed and his brow with the blue veins statements cracked a, argued, "stolen book cannot be counted as belonging to steal a book...!... that... student, it can be stolen?" after the passage, what is "gentleman" poor "," who ", and soon had everybody roaring with laughter ： the shop with the air.
are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or 茴香豆, wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen 壶子底里 water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, 羼 also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； 青白 face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … …
不好意思，我只能翻译到这里了
Roux hotel the other, and different ： are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or , wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … … clean out of the people" "what i have seen the innocent? do you steal the familyBook, with a dozen. "in" kong will be flushed and his brow with the blue veins statements cracked a, argued, "stolen book cannot be counted as belonging to steal a book...!... that... student, it can be stolen?" after the passage, what is "gentleman" poor "," who ", and soon had everybody roaring with laughter ： the shop with the air.
鲁镇的酒店的格局，是和别处不同的：都是当街一个曲尺形的大柜台。
孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的惟一的人。他身材很高大；青白脸色，皱纹间时常夹些伤痕，一部乱蓬蓬的花白的胡子。穿的虽然是长衫，可是又脏又破，似乎十多年没有补，也没有洗。
孔乙己一到店，所有喝酒的人便都看着他笑，有的叫道：“孔乙己，你脸上又添上新伤疤了！”他不回答，对柜里说：“温两碗酒，要一碟茴香豆。”便排出九文大钱。
邻舍孩子听得笑声，也赶热闹，围住了孔乙己。他便给他们茴香豆吃。一人一颗。孩子吃完豆，仍然不散，眼睛都望着碟子。孔乙己着了慌，伸开五指将碟子罩住，弯腰下去说道：“不多了，我已经不多了。”直起身又看一看豆，自己摇头说：“不多不多！多乎哉？不多也。”
那孔乙己便在柜台下对了门槛坐着。他脸上黑而且瘦，已经不成样子；穿一件破夹袄，盘着两腿，下面垫一个蒲包，用草绳在肩上挂住……他从破衣袋里摸出四文大钱，放在我手里，见他满手是泥，原来他便用这手走来的……
这些具体形象的描写，小者只一个词、一句形容，大者如一折戏、一组镜头，便勾勒出了“和别处不同”的环境、“惟一的”人物特征，便活画出了孔乙己的喜剧性格、悲剧命运。
两个动词对比，付酒钱时的“排”与“摸”；两幅肖像变化，由“站着喝酒而穿长衫”到“用手走路”；“青白脸色”转为“黑而且瘦”：既嘲讽孔乙己在“短衣帮”前的自命清高且自鸣得意，又哀叹他被生活淹没仍死要面子却无力挣扎。
在这些细节中，贯穿中心的环节，是酒。孔乙己因酒亮相，以酒退场，仅用嗜酒如命，就概括了一个人物悲惨的一生。笼罩总体的氛围，是笑。“只有孔乙己到店，才可以笑几声，所以至今记得”。正是他一再使“店内外充满了快活的空气”。直到最后，他仍然是“在旁人的说笑声中，坐着用这手慢慢走去了”。作品通过“哄笑”，点染芸芸众生，从而烘托出主人公苦涩的生存状态和卑微的生命价值。
而把这酒与笑扭结在一起的，则是茴香豆。作品细致刻画孔乙己给孩子分豆时的神态音容，栩栩如生凸现他的迂腐又不失天真，成为小说的核心部分。这既是性格的凝聚点，又是命运的转折点———“孩子都在笑声里走散”，孔乙己就此也走到了末路，因而还是整个构思的支撑点与统摄全篇的制高点———若没有茴香豆，便没有孔乙己，作品也就随之失去主旨灵魂。
这些以茴香豆为核心的细节，岂不是一颗颗宝贵的珍珠！正是它们，经由一条金线———交织着鲁迅先生对国民性“哀其不幸，怒其不争”的哲理和对“吃人”的生存环境“忧愤深广”的感情，这条情节线便具有高度的含金量———融会贯穿，组合成为《孔乙己》这一条“项链”，为当时和后世千百万读者系住了一个时代的“社会上的另一种生活”。
这是人物本身决定的。民众未开化时，把读书写字这件事看得太重，尤其是在乡下，也就使得一些孔乙己这样，读书凑合，其它全不行，无能又自傲的悲剧人物。这其实和一些满嘴时不时拽一两个英文单词和品牌，实际英文口语和阅读能力一般般，真实才学和技术都属菜鸟的准海归类似。“学问”达不到应用级别，也就只能拿学问本身出来自矜了。
Lu pattern of the town hotel, and it is different elsewhere: are the streets of a large L-shaped counter, which prepared the hot water container, you can always warm wine. People who work, Bangwu evening scattered workers often spend four paper coins, buy a bowl of wine ,------ This is twenty years ago, but now the text of each bowl to rise to ten ,---- - stood by outside the cabinet, hot drink, rest; if willing to spend a text, they can buy a plate of salt and cook bamboo shoots, or beans flavored with aniseed, things to do with wine, and if the text out to a dozen, it will be able to buy the same meat dish, but these customers, mostly jacket to help, probably not so generous. Only wear gown, the only Duojin store next door to the house, order wine and dishes, and slowly sat drinking. Since I was twelve years old, will be in town the mouth of the Xianheng hotel waiter, shopkeeper said, I look silly, not gown serve patrons afraid to strike out to do something. Patrons outside of the jacket, though easy to speak, but whining is also unclear Twining a lot. They often watched from the jars, scoop out the rice wine, watched pot of water is not sub-hysterical, and pro-children to see the pot in hot water, then rest assured: In this severe under the supervision of sheep crowding (chàn) water is also difficult. So after a few days, shopkeeper said I can not do this. Fortunately, the sensibilities recommended first large, not dismissed, then changed to specifically to deal with a boring job warm the wine. Since then, the day I stood behind the counter, specifically to deal with my post. Although there is no dereliction of duty, but the overall feel a little monotonous, and some boring. Treasurer is a fierce face, patrons can also complain to no good, lively teaching people not; only Kung to the shop, we can laugh few times, so still remember. Kung is standing drinking and the only person wearing long sleeves. He was a very large; plainer face, the wrinkles between the folder from time to time some scars; a tangled gray beard. Although wearing a long gown, but the dirty and broken, do not seem to make more than a decade, no wash. He was talking to people, always speak a lot about education in classical, as people do not understand half understand. Hole because of his name, others did give Miao Hong paper "on the adult ji" know anything about this, then in half, remove a nickname for him, called Kung. Kung one to shop, they are all people who drink at him laughing, and some cried, "Kung, have added a new scar on your face!" He does not answer to the cabinet said, "warm bowls wine, to a dish of beans flavored with aniseed. "will discharge nine coppers. They also loudly on purpose, "You must then stole other people's stuff!" Kung said, eyes wide open, "how do you clean this out of thin air pollution ... people ..." "What innocence? My eyes see you steal the day before yesterday Ho's book, hanging to play. "ji would flush, the amount of blue veins on the roads ek, argued," can not be considered stealing Stealing Books ... ... Stealing Books! ... ... reading of people, could be considered stealing you? "a series that is difficult to understand, nothing" solid poor gentleman, "what" are an absolute necessity "and the like, people are attracted laughter together: shop outside the air is full of joy. Listen to people talk about privately, Kung had also read the book, but finally did not enter science, and would not make a living; so more than poorer, will be begging to get out. Fortunately, a good character is written, it will for others copied plagiarism, a bowl of rice. Unfortunately, his bad temper, like there is delicious lazy. Take a few days, even the people and books, paper, brush, together missing. The case several times, called him Transcription in person as well. Kung is not law, they inevitably do occasionally steal things. But he was in our shop, conduct better than everyone else, is never in arrears; Although no cash from time to time, temporarily recorded in the powder board, but not in January, will certainly pay off, wiped from Kung powder board name. Kung drink half a bowl of wine, red in the face gradually restored, others right again asked, "Kung, do you really know how to read it?" Kung asked looking at him, showing an air of disdain Zhibian. Then they said, "You are fishing for one reason or another can not even do half the scholar?" Kung immediately show deserting our ideas uneasy look on his face cage with a layer of gray, mouth and say something; this time, but all education in classical and the like, some do not understand. At this time, everyone also laughter together: shop outside the air is full of joy. At these times, I can go along with the laugh, dispensers are not to blame. And treasurer met with Kung, but also often ask him laugh. Kung they know they can not talk, they had to talk to the child. Once said to me, "Have you read the book it?" I slight nod. He said, "read the book, ... ... I will test you for a test. Beans flavored with aniseed of fennel words, how to write it?" I think, begging the same people, but also with test me? Turn your face to be no longer ignored. Kung and other for a long time, very sincerely said, "can not stop writing? ... ... I teach you, remember! These words should be remembered. Dispensers do in the future, when to use written statement." I thought to myself I and dispensers level still far it, and we never will be beans flavored with aniseed on the dispensers account; and funny, but also impatient, idle channel he replied, "Who needs you to teach, not a grass beneath a round trip back to the word it? "Kung very happy to show the way, the long fingernails of two fingers tapped the counter, nodded and said," Yeah right! ... ... back to the written word has four kind of, you know? "I am more impatient, efforts of his mouth far. Kung nail dipped in the wine just wanted to write in the cabinet, see I have no enthusiasm, they tan breath, showing a very sorry appearance. "Talking more? Nothing more, nothing."There several times, neighbors heard a child laugh, fun to drive, surrounded Kung. He would give them a one. Children eating beans, still lingers, the eyes are looking at the plate. Kung was a panic, the plate covering the outstretched fingers, bending down, said, "Not much, I was running out." Straightened up and look at the beans, his shaking his head said, "much much! More Talking? small also. "So the kids got separated in laughter. Kung people so happy, but without him, so others will too. One day, about two or three days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, dispensers is slowly closing, remove the powder board, suddenly said, "Kung did not come out a long time. Still owes nineteen coppers!" I also think he did long time no come. A drinking man said, "how could he come? ... ... He discounted the legs." Shopkeeper said, "Oh!" "He always is still stealing. This time, their own giddy, actually steal the small lifts home go. his house, stealing the get it? "" Then how? "" how? the first to write service debate, and later playing, playing most of the night, and then discount the leg. "" And then? "" Then discount the legs. "" How about a discount? "" How? ... ... who knows? Xu is dead. "shopkeeper does not ask, still slowly his accounts.
Autumn after autumn is colder every day, to see almost winter; I rely on the fire all day, but also to wear a jacket. The next day, half day, not a customer, I was sitting together his eyes. Suddenly heard a voice, "Warm a bowl of wine." This voice was very low, very familiar. See all Shiyou no. Stood up I looked outside, then the counter Kung would sit under the threshold. His face black and thin, has been horrendous; wearing a broken Jiaao, plates with legs underneath a Calceolaria, with rope tangled in the shoulder; he saw me, and said, "Warm a bowl of wine. "dispensers also head out to one side said," Kung? You still owe nineteen coppers! "Kung is deserting our ideas on his back and asked," stop this ... ... next time to pay off. This time is cash, better than wine. "dispensers are still the same as usual, smiled and said to him," Kung, you have Touliaodongxi it! "but he is arguing this time not alone say" Do not make fun! "" fun? If do not steal, how broken legs? "Kung whispered," broke, down, down ... ... "He glances, much like the treasurer pleaded, do not mention. At this point several people had gathered, they laughed, and dispensers. I warm the wine, side out, on the threshold. He took out from the rag bag four coppers, in my hand, see his hands were full of mud, had he come in with this hand. Soon, he drank wine, right again to say that laughter in others, sit and slowly walked out with this hand. Since then, they did not see long-ji. To the year, remove the powder board treasurer, said, "Kung still owes nineteen coppers!" To the second year of the Dragon Boat Festival, said, "Kung still owes nineteen coppers!" To the Mid-Autumn Festival, but did not say, and then the Year did not see him. I do not see now finally - about Kung indeed dead. Written in March 1919
KUNG I-CHI
The wine shops in Luchen are not like those in other parts of China. They all have a right-angled counter facing the street, where hot water is kept ready for warming wine. When men come off work at midday and in the evening they buy a bowl of wine; it cost four coppers twenty years ago, but now it costs ten. Standing beside the counter, they drink it warm, and relax. Another copper will buy a plate of salted bamboo shoots or peas flavoured with aniseed, to go with the wine; while for a dozen coppers you can buy a meat dish. But most of these customers belong to the short-coated class, few of whom can afford this. Only those in long gowns enter the adjacent room to order wine and dishes, and sit and drink at leisure.
At the age of twelve I started work as a waiter in Prosperity Tavern, at the entrance to the town. The tavern keeper said I looked too foolish to serve the long-gowned customers, so I was given work in the outer room. Although the short-coated customers there were more easily pleased, there were quite a few trouble-makers among them too. They would insist on watching with their own eyes as the yellow wine was ladled from the keg, looking to see if there were any water at the bottom of the wine pot, and inspecting for themselves the immersion of the pot in hot water. Under such keen scrutiny, it was very difficult to dilute the wine. So after a few days my employer decided I was not suited for this work. Fortunately I had been recommended by someone influential, so he could not dismiss me, and I was transferred to the dull work of warming wine.
Thenceforward I stood all day behind the counter, fully engaged with my duties. Although I gave satisfaction at this work, I found it monotonous and futile. Our employer was a fierce-looking individual, and the customers were a morose lot, so that it was impossible to be gay. Only when Kung I-chi came to the tavern could I laugh a little. That is why I still remember him.
Kung was the only long-gowned customer to drink his wine standing. He was a big man, strangely pallid, with scars that often showed among the wrinkles of his face. He had a large, unkempt beard, streaked with white. Although he wore a long gown, it was dirty and tattered, and looked as if it had not been washed or mended for over ten years. He used so many archaisms in his speech, it was impossible to understand half he said. As his surname was Kung, he was nicknamed "Kung I-chi," the first three characters in a children's copybook. Whenever he came into the shop, everyone would look at him and chuckle. And someone would call out:
"Kung I-chi! There are some fresh scars on your face!"
Ignoring this remark, Kung would come to the counter to order two bowls of heated wine and a dish of peas flavoured with aniseed. For this he produced nine coppers. Someone else would call out, in deliberately loud tones:
"You must have been stealing again!"
"Why ruin a man's good name groundlessly?" he would ask, opening his eyes wide.
"Pooh, good name indeed! The day before yesterday I saw you with my own eyes being hung up and beaten for stealing books from the Ho family!"
Then Kung would flush, the veins on his forehead standing out as he remonstrated: "Taking a book can't be considered stealing, . . . Taking a book, the affair of a scholar, can't be considered stealing!" Then followed quotations from the classics, like "A gentleman keeps his integrity even in poverty," and a jumble of archaic expressions till everybody was roaring with laughter and the whole tavern was gay.
From gossip I heard, Kung I-chi had studied the classics but had never passed the official examination. With no way of making a living, he grew poorer and poorer, until be was practically reduced to beggary. Happily, he was a good calligrapher, and could get enough copying work to support himself. Unfortunately he had failings: he liked drinking and was lazy. So after a few days he would invariably disappear, taking books, paper, brushes and inkstone with him. After this had happened several times, nobody wanted to employ him as a copyist again. Then there was no alternative for him but to take to occasional pilfering. In our tavern his behaviour was exemplary. He never failed to pay up, although sometimes, when he had no ready money, his name would appear on the board where we listed debtors. However, in less than a month he would always settle, and his name would be wiped off the board again.
After drinking half a howl of wine, Kung would regain his composure. But then someone would ask:
"Kung I-chi, do you really know how to read?"
When Kung looked as if such a question were beneath contempt, they would continue: "How is it you never passed even the lowest official examination?"
At that Kung would look disconsolate and ill at ease. His face would turn pale and his lips move, but only to utter those unintelligible classical expressions. Then everybody would laugh heartily again, and the whole tavern would be merry.
At such times, I could join in the laughter without being scolded by my master. In fact he often put such questions to Kung himself, to evoke laughter. Knowing it was no use talking to them, Kung would chat to us children. Once he asked me:
"Have you had any schooling?"
When I nodded, he said, "Well then, I'll test you. How do you write the character hui in hui-xiang (aniseed--Translator) peas?"
I thought, "I'm not going to be tested by a beggar!" So I turned away and ignored him. After waiting for some time, he said very earnestly:
"You can't write it? I'll show you how. Mind you remember! You ought to remember such characters, because later when you have a shop of your own, you'll need them to make up your accounts."
It seemed to me I was still very far from owning a shop; besides, our employer never entered hui-xiang peas in the account book. Amused yet exasperated, I answered listlessly: "Who wants you as a teacher? Isn't it the character hui with the grass radical?"
Kung was delighted, and tapped two long fingernails on the counter. "Right, right!" he said, nodding. "Only there are four different ways of writing hui. Do you know them?" My patience exhausted, I scowled and made off. Kung I-chi had dipped his finger in wine, in order to trace the characters on the counter; but when he saw how indifferent I was, he sighed and looked most disappointed.
Sometimes children in the neighbourhood, hearing laughter, came to join in the fun, and surrounded Kung I-chi Then he would give them peas flavoured with aniseed, one apiece. After eating the peas, the children would still hang round, their eyes on the dish. Flustered, he would cover the dish with his hand and, bending forward from the waist, would say: "There isn't much. I haven't much as it is." Then straightening up to look at the peas again, he would shake his head. "Not much! Verily, not much, forsooth!" Then the children would scamper off, with shouts of laughter.
Kung I-chi was very good company, but we got along all right without him too.
One day, a few days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, the tavern keeper was laboriously making out his accounts. Taking down the board from the wall, he suddenly said: "Kung I-chi hasn't been in for a long time. He still owes nineteen coppers!" That made me realize how long it was since we had seen him.
"How could he come?" one of the customers said. "His legs were broken in that last beating."
"Ah!"
"He was stealing again. This time he was fool enough to steal from Mr. Ting, the provincial scholar! As if anybody could get away with that!"
"What then?"
"What then? First he had to write a confession, then he was beaten. The beating lasted nearly all night, until his legs were broken."
"And then?"
"Well, his legs were broken."
"Yes, but after that?"
"After? . . . Who knows? He may be dead."
The tavern keeper did not pursue his questions, but went on slowly making up his accounts.
After the Mid-Autumn Festival the wind grew colder every day, as winter came on. Even though I spent all my time by the stove, I had to wear my padded jacket. One afternoon, when the shop was empty, I was sitting with my eyes closed when I heard a voice:
"Warm a bowl of wine."
The voice was very low, yet familiar. But when I looked up, there was no one in sight. I stood up and looked towards the door, and there, facing the threshold, beneath the counter, sat Kung I-chi. His face was haggard and lean, and he looked in a terrible condition. He had on a ragged lined jacket, and was sitting cross-legged on a mat which was attached to his shoulders by a straw rope. When he saw me, he repeated:
"Warm a bowl of wine."
At this point my employer leaned over the counter and said: "Is that Kung I-chi? You still owe nineteen coppers!
"That . . . I'll settle next time," replied Kung, looking up disconsolately. "Here's ready money; the wine must be good."
The tavern keeper, just as in the past, chuckled and said:
"Kung I-chi, you've been stealing again!"
But instead of protesting vigorously, the other simply said:
"You like your joke."
"Joke? If you didn't steal, why did they break your legs?"
"I fell," said Kung in a low voice. "I broke them in a fall." His eyes pleaded with the tavern keeper to let the matter drop. By now several people had gathered round, and they all laughed. I warmed the wine, carried it over, and set it on the threshold. He produced four coppers from his ragged coat pocket, and placed them in my hand. As he did so I saw that his hands were covered with mud--he must have crawled here on them. Presently he finished the wine and, amid the laughter and comments of the others, slowly dragged himself off by his hands.
A long time went by after that without our seeing Kung again. At the end of the year, when the tavern keeper took down the board, he said, "Kung I-chi still owes nineteen coppers!" At the Dragon Boat Festival the next year, he said the same thing again. But when the Mid-Autumn Festival came, he did not mention it. And another New Year came round without our seeing any more of him.
Nor have I ever seen him since--probably Kung I-chi is really dead.
Roux hotel the other, and different ： are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or 茴香豆, wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen 壶子底里 water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, 羼 also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； 青白 face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … … clean out of the people" "what i have seen the innocent? do you steal the familyBook, with a dozen. "in" kong will be flushed and his brow with the blue veins statements cracked a, argued, "stolen book cannot be counted as belonging to steal a book...!... that... student, it can be stolen?" after the passage, what is "gentleman" poor "," who ", and soon had everybody roaring with laughter ： the shop with the air.
are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or 茴香豆, wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen 壶子底里 water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, 羼 also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； 青白 face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … …
不好意思，我只能翻译到这里了
Roux hotel the other, and different ： are the street is a piece of the counter, and in the cupboard to get hot, you can always warm, drink. working people, and in the afternoon off work, spent four a farthing. take a bowl of liquor, depend – it's twenty years ago, and now each of them are going up to ten, stood out against the cabinet aren, hot drink for ； to spend a penny if you can buy a dish of boiled bamboo salt, or , wine, and if in a dozen,That buying a meaty meal, but the customers and baju kurung help, perhaps there is no such a conception. there are only wearing a gown and walked into the store the next house wine to food, drink. i take from twelve, and in the mouth of it as a shopman in the hotel manager said that, i look too stupid, serving the customers and gown in there to do something. the clothes. although it is easy to speak, but harping between was also quite a few. they'veSeen water, and a look at the pot in hot water, and then trust in the severe ： supervision, also troubled water. so after a few days, manager and i can do it. thanks to commend the head of the big fire to pray, to warm the wine in a boring job. i have ever since the counter all day, in my position. although no negligence, but always feel like some monotonous and dull. the counterman is a fierce,Customers no good voice. teach others, not only the shop ； kong can only smiled, so still remember.Kong stood drinking and in the gown. he was very tall ； face, wrinkled, and was often some ； an untidy grey beard, wearing a gown, and dirty, it seems more than ten years, no washing. he is talking and always full of nature and a half understand, don't understand. his surname, be drawn from the red paper "" "not half understand kong understand, for he took off a nickname,Kong is a shop. kong, all of a drinker, are watching he laughed and cried, "your face and kong in the new scars." he did not answer, in the cupboard, "says wen two bowls of wine, like a dish 茴香豆." in nine a lot of money. they deliberately yelled, "you must and stolen the other thing!" kong eyes said, "how do you like this … … clean out of the people" "what i have seen the innocent? do you steal the familyBook, with a dozen. "in" kong will be flushed and his brow with the blue veins statements cracked a, argued, "stolen book cannot be counted as belonging to steal a book...!... that... student, it can be stolen?" after the passage, what is "gentleman" poor "," who ", and soon had everybody roaring with laughter ： the shop with the air.
《孔乙己》原文+赏析
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《孔乙己》原文
为了愤怒讨伐封建制度和封建文化,为了“描绘社会上的或一种生活,请读者看看”以“引起疗救的注意”,鲁迅先生继《狂人日记》后,于1918年冬创作了小说《孔乙己》。 本回答被网友采纳 已赞过 已踩过< 你对这个回答的评价是? 评论 收起 紫陌浅夏鱼 推荐于2019-08-18 · TA获得超过2754个赞 知道小有建树答主...
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《孔乙己》讲述一个没有考上秀才的读书人的悲剧遭遇。主人公孔乙己是个心地善良的人，在科举制度毒害下，除满口“之乎者也”之外，一无所能，穷途潦倒，成为人们取笑的资料。为生活所迫，他也做些小偷小窃的事，终于被打断腿，在生活的折磨下默默去世。《孔乙己》是近代文学巨匠鲁迅所著的短篇小说，...
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