初二上学期期中物理试卷

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初二上学期期中物理试卷,要有答案的!

鹏峰中学2006年度初二上学期期中物理试卷
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http://blog.cersp.com/UploadFiles/2006-11/1116834954.doc

一、单项选择
1.下列说法中正确的是( ) 
A.人在河岸边看到河水中的鱼是鱼升高了的实像 
B.池水看起来比实际的浅是由于光的反射造成的 
C.插入水中的筷子,在水中部分看起来向下弯折 
D.游泳时,人潜入水中看到岸边的树木是升高了的虚像
2. 某同学站在清水池边看见水中的自己、鱼、飞机和云,则不属于反射成像的是( ) 
A.鱼 B.云 C.自己 D.飞机
3.一束光由空气斜射入水中,入射角逐渐增大,则折射角( ) 
A.逐渐减小 B.不变 C.逐渐增大,但总小于入射角 D.逐渐增大,可能大于入射角
4. 光从玻璃射向空气,下列说法正确的是 ( )
A. 折射角一定小于入射角 B. 光的速度减小了
C. 光的传播方向一定会改变 D. 当光射到玻璃和空气的界面时,反射和折射同时发生
1.下列实例能用光的直线传播来解释的现象是( )
A.用凸透镜取火
B.影子的形成
C.镜中花水中月
D.海市蜃楼
2.把凸透镜正对着太阳光,可在距凸透镜15cm处得到一个最小、最亮的光斑。若将某—物体放在此透镜前20cm处,可得到一个( )
A.倒立放大的实像
B.倒立缩小的实像
C.正立放大的实像
D.正立放大的虚像
3.一支蜡烛位于凸透镜前,调节好透镜和光屏位置后,在光屏上呈现缩小、倒立的像;若保持凸透镜位置不动,将蜡烛和光屏的位置对调一下,则在光屏上( )
A.无法成像
B.呈现放大、正立的像
C.呈现放大、倒立的像
D.呈现缩小、倒立的像
6.为北京2008年奥运会而建造的国家游泳中心“水立方”的透明薄膜“外衣”上点缀了无数白色的亮点,它们被称为镀点。北京奥运会举办时正值盛夏,镀点能改变光线的方向,将光线挡在场馆之外。镀点对外界阳光的主要作用是( )
A.反射太阳光线,遵循光的反射定律
B.反射太阳光线,不遵循光的反射定律
C.折射太阳光线,遵循光的折射定律
D.折射太阳光线,不遵循光的折射定律
7.在2008年北京奥运会安保工作中将采用人脸识别系统,识别系统的摄像机可以自动将镜头前1m处的人脸拍摄成数码相片,通过信号线传递给计算机识别。摄像机的镜头( )
A.相当于凸透镜,焦距可为0.5m
B.相当于凸透镜,焦距可为0.1m
C.相当于凹透镜,焦距可为0.5m
D.相当于凹透镜,焦距可为0.1m
8.下列关于光现象的说法中,正确的是( )
A.在河边看到的水中的白云、小鱼都是虚象
B.光与镜面成30°角射在平面镜上,则其反射角也是30°
C.“海市蜃楼”是由于光的反射而形成的
D.太阳光不能被分解为其它色光
9.成语“白纸黑字”喻指证据确凿,不容抵赖。从物理学角度看( )
A.白纸和黑字分别发出不同颜色的光进入人的眼睛
B.白纸和黑字分别反射出白光和黑光进入人的眼睛
C.白纸反射出白光进入人的眼睛,而黑字不反光
D.黑字比白纸反射光的本领强

二、填空题(每空1分,共8分)
11.排纵队时,如果看到自己前面的一位同学挡住了前面所有的人,对就排直了,这可以用_______________来解释。
12.一束激光射到平面镜上,当入射角是35度时。反射角是________度。
13.阳光下微风轻拂湖面,湖面上波光粼粼,这时产生的是光的________现象;透过厚薄不均匀的玻璃看室外的电线,可能会看到电线粗细不均匀且弯弯曲曲,这时产生的是光的________现象。
14.太阳光通过三棱镜后,被分解成各种颜色的光,在白屏上形成一条彩色的光带,颜色依次是红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫,这就是 现象;彩色电视画面的颜色是由 三种色光合成的。
15.红玫瑰只_________红光,因此它是红色的;透过蓝玻璃板看白纸是_________色的。

三、实验探究题(16题2分;17题、18题各7分;共16分)
16.用A、B、C三块凸透镜在光具座上分别做蜡烛成像实验,各透镜跟烛焰距离都是30cm,得到的实验结果如右表,根据此实验结果,将A、B、C三块凸透镜的焦距,按由大到小的顺序排列,其顺序是__________。
17.小明用平面镜和两个完全相同的墨水瓶A、B研究“平面镜成像的特点”。实验时,他将平面镜竖立在桌面上,把A放置在镜前的边缘处,如图5所示,调整观察角度,可在镜中看到它的部分像。再将B放到镜后并来回移动,直至其未被平面镜遮挡部分与A在镜中的不完整像拼接成一个完全吻合的“瓶”。那么墨水瓶B所在的位置即为 的位置,同时还说明 ;若用玻璃板替代平面镜,就能看到墨水瓶B被遮去的部分,这是由于光的 形成的。如果有3mm厚和2mm厚的两块玻璃板,应选择________mm厚的玻璃板做实验;使点燃的蜡烛在两个不同的位置,分别测出物距和像距相等的两组数据,得出实验结论之一:“像距与物距相等”。你认为这种方法是否合理?___________________________________。理由是:____________________________________________。
图5
18.在探究凸透镜成像规律的实验中:
现有凸透镜、蜡烛、光屏、火柴四种器材,还需要补充的器材是___________.
下表是小聪的实验记录,在第_______次实验中,蜡烛到凸透镜的距离在1倍焦距和2倍焦距之间;照相机是根据第______次实验成像特点制成的。
实验次数______
像的情况1.______ 1 倒立 缩小 实像
正立或倒立2.______ 2 倒立 等大 实像
缩小或放大3.______ 3 倒立 放大 实像
实像或虚像_4._____ 4 正立 放大 虚像
(3)若在第3次实验的基础上,保持蜡烛和光屏的位置不变,将它们之间的凸透镜往__________方向移动一定的距离,可使光屏上再出现一个明亮清晰的像。(填“蜡烛”或“光屏”)
(4)实验需要知道凸透镜的焦距大约是多少,如果没有太阳光,怎样利用白炽灯粗略地测量出焦距?说出你的办法.
(5)某同学在做实验时,先把烛焰放在较远处,使物距大于2倍焦距,测出物距,然后移动凸透镜,观察光屏上成清晰的像时,测出像距,并记录像的大小、正倒和虚实。请问他的操作方法正确吗?为什么?
四、综合题(19题6分;20题10分;共16分)
19.如图6所示,冬冬在探究光的色散现象时,看到白光经三棱镜后,光屏上自上而下出现了红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫的色带,冬冬对产生的原因进行了思考。受此启发,在测量凸透镜的焦距时,冬冬想:如果分别用红光和紫光平行于同一个凸透镜的主光轴射入,红光、紫光对凸透镜的焦距是否不同呢?
图6
请写出你的推断:___________色光对凸透镜的焦距大,你推断的理由是:___________ ___________________。
20.“关爱生命,安全出行,争当安全模范公民”的教育活动,在全国各地轰轰烈烈地展开。“红灯停,绿灯行”是公民的基本素质。交通信号灯用红、绿灯,而不用蓝色、紫色等其它颜色的灯。对此,小明、小华、小宇三位同学展开讨论。
小明说:人的眼睛对红色光、绿色光比较敏感。用红绿灯作为交通指挥灯,容易引起视觉反应,可以提高人们的警惕性,减少交通事故的发生。
小华说:红光穿透能力比蓝色、紫色等其它的色光强,很远处就能看到;人的眼睛对绿色光敏感。
小宇说:红绿灯作为交通指挥灯,是国际通用的,并不具有科学依据。
(1)雾天,小明、小华和小宇一起在远处观看路口的红绿灯,收集有关“红色光穿透能力强”的证据。小明和小宇看到红灯亮时,小华却认为红灯不亮。此事实说明红色光引起的视觉效果与____________________有关;三位同学向路口的红灯走近,都感到红色光强度逐渐增强,表明色光的穿透能力与_______________________________有关。影响色光穿透能力的因素还有__________________________________________________(至少答出一条)。
(2)依据你的生活体验,并结合学过的物理知识,对小宇的说法作出评价: ___________________________________________________。
(3)红绿色盲的人不能分辨红绿灯颜色的变换。请你描述现行交通信号灯是如何让色盲的行人做到“红灯停、绿灯行”的或提出一条合理化建议。(回答一条即可)_________________________________________________。
(4)随着科技创新,传统的红、绿灯逐渐被超高亮度的发光二极管(LED)所替代。LED灯具有亮度高、颜色纯、耗电少、寿命长等特点,简述LED灯的广泛使用可能会给人们的生活与环境带来的影响。(回答一条即可)
一、选择题
题号
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.A

二、填空题
11.光的直线传播 12.35 13.反射、折射
14.光的色散、红绿 蓝 15.反射、蓝
三、实验探究题
16.C A B
17.墨水瓶A的像、像与物体的大小相等、折射、2、不合理、两组数据太少(2分)
18.(1)光具座(或刻度尺);(2)3、1;(3)光屏;(4)让电灯通过凸透镜成一等大的像。
(5)不正确。不能移动凸透镜

四、综合题
19.红、凸透镜(或三棱镜)对红光的偏折程度最小
20.(1)人 距离 天气、季节等

【模拟试题】(答题时间:120分钟)
一. 词汇
(一)补全单词完成句子。
1. He's__________ watches TV.
2. I go swimming t______ a month.
3. I'm not feeling well. I have a h_________.
4. My brother has a t_________, so he shouldn't eat any junk food.
5. My mother says milk is good for my h_________.
6. What's the m________, Alice?
I'm hungry.
7. How often do you e________ ?
Every day.
8. Do you like eating v__________?
Yes, I do.
(二)根据句意,用适当的词填空。
1. I'm _____. I guess I should eat some food.
2. He has a toothache. Maybe he should see a ___.
3. -- How often do you ____ to music?
-- Twice a week.
4. My brother plays football very well. So he is in school___.
5. I get a cold and I can't _______well at night.
6. He ___gets up at six o'clock, seven days a week.
7. My mother wants me to drink milk every morning. She says it's ___for my health.
8. I hope you ____better soon.
9. I _____the subway to get to school every day.
10. I'm going to Hawaii for ________with my family in December.

二. 连词成句。
1. go never I bike riding
_________________________________________________________
2. hardly they tennis play ever
_________________________________________________________
3. go do often to you how library the
_________________________________________________________
4. do on you what usually Saturdays do
_________________________________________________________
5. has David a cold bad
_________________________________________________________
6. should exercise he week a twice
_________________________________________________________
7. is the what matter
_________________________________________________________
8. 24 hours for eat shouldn't anything he
_________________________________________________________
9. feel soon better hope you I
_________________________________________________________
10. your grandparents visit does often how your mother
_________________________________________________________

三. 选词填空。
(I)
healthy unhealthy junk food eat fruit
1. If you want to be healthy, it's a good idea to ____________ every day.
2. Lisa sleeps eight hours every night. She eats a good breakfast and she exercises very day. She is ____________.
3. _____________ is bad for our health.
4. Mike never drinks milk and he hates to eat vegetables very day. He is kind of heavy. He is __________.
(II)
stressed out, lie down, sore throat
can't sleep toothache drink lots of water
1. ------I ______________ these days.
------ It's a good idea to drink a cup of warm milk before you go to bed.
2. ----- I have a ___________.
----- You should drink hot tea with honey.
3. ------ I have a backache.
------- It's good for you to _____________ and have a good rest.
4. ------- I am ______________.
------- It's a good idea to listen to some music.
5. ------- I am very thirsty today.
-------- You should _______________.
6. ------- I have a _____________.
------- You should go to the dentist.
(III)
invitation, staying, never, walk, heavier
1. I can't swim, so I __ go to the beach to swim.
2. He is _____ than before.
3. How long are you ____ in Canada?
4. I live next to the school. I _____to school every day.
5. Did you get an _______to her party?

四. 选择正确的词完成句子。
1. He has a headache. He should (rest/rests).
2. I (am/have a) stressed out.
3. I like (eating/eat) vegetables and fruit every day.
4. I (have/has) a stomachache.
You (should/shouldn't) eat a hamburger.
5.Tommy is (hungry/backache).
He should eat an apple.
6. (What time/How often) do you exercise?
I exercise every day.
7. (How long/How often) do you sleep every night?
I sleep for 9 hours every night.
8. My friend likes to do the same thing ( to/as) me.
9. I am (outgoing/ more outgoing) than my sister, I think.
10. Li Ying is (good/better) than Qi Hua (at/ in) learning English.

五. 单项选择。
1. She is ________ than yesterday.
A. very better B. much better C. very well D. much well
2. --- Jack, don't look out of the window, please.
--- __________.
A. It's right. B. I know that.
C. Sorry, I won't do it again. D. It doesn't matter
3. In our class, 85% students take the bus to school. So __________students in our class get to school by bus.
A. all B. most C some D. a few
4. I like this pair of shoes. Could I try ____ on, please?
A. it B. ones C. that D. them
5. ---Where is your father going for this winter vacation?
---He _______to Hong Kong.
A. goes B. go C. is going D. are going
6. ---Oh, I have a terrible stomachache!
---You should_______.
A. see a dentist B. do more exercise
C. eat more food D. lie down and rest
7. ---Can he go to the New Year Concert tomorrow?
---_________. He has to study for the math test.
A. Yes, he can. B. No, he can't C. Yes, he does. D. No, he doesn't
8. ---________is it from our school to the subway station?
---About 8 miles.
A. How long B. How often C. What D. How far
9. Today is Tuesday. So the day after tomorrow is _______.
A. Monday B. Wednesday C. Thursday D. Friday
10. --- Tom, could you come to my party on Saturday evening?
--- _________
A. Yes, I'd love to. B. I'm sorry I'm late.
C. Sorry, I have to study for a test. D. A and C
11. _____ you ______the books ______ your room?
A. Can, take, in B. Can, take, at
C. Could, take, to D. Could, take, in
12. There _____a lot of animals in the zoo.
A. have B. has C. is D. are

六. 完型填空。
(A)
Pierre Lambert, the famous French singer, is taking a long vacation this summer! He thought about going to Greece or Spain, __1__ finally decided on Canada. "I always take vacations in __2___," he said. "This time I want to do ___3___. I heard that Canada is beautiful, and I know there are many people there who speak __4__."
Pierre is going to Canada's Great Lakes region. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation. "I ___5___ walks, going fishing, and going bike riding. I'm hoping that the beautiful countryside will help me forget all my problems. At night, I'm renting videos and sleeping a lot… a ___6__vacation! I can't wait. I'll be a new man when I return to ___7___!
( ) 1 A. and B. or C. so D. but
( ) 2.A. Asia B. Europe C. Australia D. Africa
( ) 3.A. different anything B. something different
C. something frustrating D. frustrating anything
( ) 4. A. Japanese B. Spanish C. Korean D. French
( ) 5. A. taking B. took C. takes D. am taking
( ) 6. A. boring B. thrilling C. dangerous D. no-stress
( ) 7. A. London B. Beijing C. Paris D. Greece
(B)
Nowadays most people decide quite early what kind of work they would do. When I was at school, we had to choose __8____when we were fifteen. I chose scientific subjects. I tried to learn physics and chemistry, but in the end I decided that I would __9____be a scientist. So I began to look for a job.
I talked about it with my friends Frank and Lesley. __10____of them could suggest anything, ___11__they promised that they would ask their friends. A few days later while I was still in bed, someone telephoned. "Is that Miss Jenkins?" a man's voice asked, " I hear your hobby is photography and I've got a job that might interest you in my clothes factory. My name is Mr. Thomson." He seemed __12____on the phone, so I went to see him.
I arrived _13____early and when Mr. Thomson came he asked me if I __14____waiting a long time. "No, not long." I replied. After talking to me for about twenty minutes he offered me a job-----not _15____a photographer though, being a model.
( ) 8. A. what to study B. where to study C. how to study D. when to study
( ) 9. A. never B. ever C. like D. always
( ) 10. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Nor
( ) 11. A. and B. also C. but D. before
( ) 12. A. sad B. angry C. sorry D. pleasant
( ) 13. A. there B. here C. home D. house
( ) 14. A. was B. might be C. would be D. had been
( ) 15. A. as B. so C. for D. to

七. 阅读理解。
(A) At King's Restaurant
The Bond family is in King's Restaurant. They're going to eat lunch there. The children are very hungry. They have to eat now.
At King's Restaurant the food is cheap. There are no waiters or waitresses. A family can buy a lot of food there. A family can eat breakfast, lunch, or dinner there.
The Bonds are reading the menu. A cook is cooking hamburgers in the kitchen. There cashiers are behind the counter. The manager is watching the cashiers.
Mr. Bond is going to order two hamburgers, French fries, and a large coffee. Mrs. Bond is going to order a chicken sandwich and a small tea. Ben is going to order a hamburger, French fries, and milk. Bob is going to order a fish sandwich, French fries, and a medium soda.
They can eat in the restaurant or in their car. They are going to eat in the restaurant.

Fill in the blank with right words:
1. The waitress gives me a ________. I read it quickly.
2. My brother___________ a big hamburger and a large coffee.
3. We often eat in the ___________.
4. French fries are__________. They are only one yuan.
5. The____________ is cooking a chicken in the kitchen.

(B) The Secret of Success
Albert Einstein was a great German scientist. Once a young man asked him a question. "What is the secret of success?" he asked. The scientist told him the same question again. Einstein was very annoyed .He did not say anything, but wrote a few words on a piece of paper and handed it to the young man .The young man looked at the piece of paper. He saw this on the paper:
A=X+Y+Z.
"What does this mean?" asked the young man.
"A means success," the old scientist explained.
"X stands for hard work, Y stands for good methods, and Z means stop talking and get down to work."

(I) True or false. Write T or F.
1. Einstein was from Germany.
2. The young man was a scientist.
3. Einstein was annoyed because the young man asked him to explain .
4. Einstein thought that the secret of success is hard work and good methods, and hard work again.
(II) Choose the right answer.
1. Who asked a question?
A. Albert Einstein. B.A German scientist . C.A young man.
2. What does "X" mean according to Einstein?
A. Success. B. Hard work. C. Stop talking.
3. It is no good __________ so much.
A. explaining B. talking C .asking
4. The secret of success is ___________.
A. hard work B. good methods C.A and B

(C)
Can you make a telephone call? Of course you can make it in Chinese but I don't know whether you can in English. The call in English is quite different from what it is in Chinese.
If you want to ask someone to answer the telephone, you cannot say, " Please ask Mr…. to answer the telephone." Instead, you must say, " May I speak to Mr….? If you want to ask who is answering the telephone, you should say, "Who is that?" "Is that Mr….(speaking)?" instead of "Who are you?" If you want to tell the other one who you are, you must say, "This is…(speaking)." instead of "I'm…."

1. A Chinese telephone call is ____ an English one.
A. as good as B. the same as C. better than D. different from
2. If you want to know who is answering the call, you should say, " ?"
A. What's your telephone number B. Who is speaking over there
C. Who are you speaking D. Who is that
3. When you want to tell who you are on the telephone, you must say, " ."
A. This is… B. I'm… C. That's… D. My name is…
4. If you want to ask Mr. Smith to answer the call, you should say, " ?"
A. May I speak to Mr. Smith
B. Are you Mr. Smith, please
C. Is Mr. Smith answering the call
D. Could I ask Mr. Smith to answer the call
5. The passage is about how to ___________.
A. talk with an Englishman B. tell something to somebody
C. make a telephone call D. speak well in English

(D)
A young American doctor was sleeping when his doorbell suddenly began to ring. It was already midnight. But what could the doctor do? He had to put on his coat and go downstairs.
When he opened the door, he saw a man standing with a hat in his hand. "How do you do, sir?" said the man. "Can you come at once to a place out of town? It's quite far, but you have a car and I can show you the way."
" Certainly," said the doctor, " I'm quite ready, I can go at once." In a few minutes the car was standing at the front door. The man got into the doctor's car, and they drove off.
They drove on for a long time, until the man said: " Here we are. This is my home. Now I can pay you and you can go back to town."
" But I must see the patient, " the doctor said, " How can I go back without seeing the patient? Where is the patient?"
" There is no patient, " explained the man. " Nobody is ill. I live here. You see, one must go home from a town, mustn't he? There are no taxis at this time of the night, but a doctor often makes night calls, so excuse me. Here is your money. Thank you, doctor. Good night."

1. What was the doctor doing when the bell rang?
A. He was sleeping downstairs. B. He was working downstairs.
C. He was sleeping upstairs. D. He was working upstairs.
2. What did the man ask the doctor to do?
A. To go to his house. B. To go downstairs.
C. To see a patient. D. To go to a place out of town.
3. When did they leave?
A. After half an hour. B. After a few minutes.
C. At once. D. After a long time.
4. Who was the patient in the story?
A. The man's child. B. The man's wife.
C. The man himself. D. Nobody.
5. Which of the following sentences may be true?
A. The doctor was happy because nobody was ill.
B. The doctor was sad because there was no patient for him to look over.
C. The doctor was angry because the man had cheated him.
D. The doctor was ill because he drove a long way.

(E)
Young people leave their parents' homes at different ages in different parts of the world. In the United States, a lot of college students do not live at home. Many choose to go to college in different cities-away from their parents. At college, they live in university housing. After college, most people prefer to living in their own homes. They often live alone, but some people rent apartments with others. These people are roommates. By the age of 22, few young people in the United States live with their parents.
Families stay together longer in many Asian countries and cities. In Hong Kong, for example, nearly all university students live with their parents. Rents in the city are very expensive, and few students have the money to pay for their own apartments.
Very few young people live alone or become roommates in a shared apartment. Many young people in Hong Kong continue to live with their parents after they marry.

True or False.
In the United States
1. Very few students live in university housing. ( )
2. Some young adults share apartments with roommates. ( )
3. Nearly all young adults live with their parents. ( )

In Hong Kong
4. Not many students live with their parents. ( )
5. Few young people live alone. ( )
6. Most young married couples have enough money to live in their own apartments. ( )

八. 书面表达。
(一)请根据以下表格中的数据给杂志写一份报告。
Activity Every day Once or twice a week Three or four times a week
Exercise 15% 75% 0%
Do homework 95% 5% 0%
Listen to music 75% 5% 20%

Vocabulary key
All students = 100%
Most students = 51-99%
Some students= 1-50%
No students = 0%
What do students do at No. 15 High School?
Here are the results of the student activity survey at No. 15 High School. _______ students exercise _____ __ ______ _______ a week. ____________________________.As for ____________,_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(二)根据表格信息,写80字左右的短文,介绍以下学生即将要做的事,要求正确表达时态,语句通顺,行文流畅。
Name Time What to do
Jack and Peter tomorrow go hiking, have a picnic
Mary this weekend go to the movie, watch the movie Heroes
Bill and Billy this Saturday climb the hill, have a swim
David and his friends next Sunday go to the zoo, watch a dolphin show

【试题答案】
一. (一) sometimes, twice, headache, toothache, health, matter, exercise, vegetables
(二) hungry, dentist, listen, team, sleep, always, good, feel, take, vacation
二. 1. I never go bike riding.
2. They hardly ever play tennis.
3. How often do you go to the library?
4. What do you usually do on Saturdays?
5. David has a bad cold.
6. He should exercise twice a week.
7. What is the matter?
8. He shouldn't eat anything for 24 hours.
9. I hope you feel better soon.
10. How often does your mother visit your grandparents?
三. (I) eat fruit, healthy, Junk food, unhealthy
(II) can't sleep, sore throat, lie down, stressed out, drink lots of water, toothache
(III) never, heavier, staying, walk, invitation
四. rest, am, eating, have, shouldn't, hungry, How often, How long, as, more outgoing, better, at
五. BCBDC,DBDBD,CD
六. (A) DBBDD, DC (B) AAACD, ADA
七. (A) menu, ordered/orders, restaurant, cheap, cook
(B) (I) TTTT (II) CBBC (C) DDAAC (D) CDBDC (E) FTFFTF
八. 略

鹏峰中学2006年度初二上学期期中物理试卷
有答案
http://blog.cersp.com/UploadFiles/2006-11/1116834954.doc

试卷好好哦

上楼是哪抄来的

找你们老师要去 老师会给你的 答案也会

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